Relationships Between the Gomti River's Hazardous Inorganic Pollutants and Their Build-Up in Specific Macrophytes in an Aquatic Environment

Abstract

The Gomti River's water quality and the native macrophytes that live there at six different locations were assessed for their potential for phytoremediation. High levels of nitrate, ammonium, phosphate, chemical oxygen demand, and biochemical oxygen demand were found in river water (12.84, 77.94, 36.88, 6.04, and 2.25 mg L-1, respectively). Several elements, including Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb (5.54, 1.05, 3.74, 2.57, and 0.73 mg L-1, respectively), were discovered to be present in Gomti water. Significant concentrations of Fe, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb were deposited in various areas by macrophytes growing in the river. Jussiaea repens for Cr, Pistia stratiotes for Cd, and Eichhornia crassipes for Fe, Cd, and Pb demonstrated the highest remediation capacity among the plants under study. On the other hand, Cu buildup peaked in Typha latifolia. The translocation factor of E. crassipes, P. stratiotes, Hydrilla verticellata, and T. latifolia was [1] for the metals under study, with the exception of Fe, indicating their capacity to collect several metals in several plant sections.